diff --git a/src/main/scala/app/AccountController.scala b/src/main/scala/app/AccountController.scala
index 0a7818c..84c246e 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/app/AccountController.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/app/AccountController.scala
@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@
 
   post("/:userName/_edit", form)(ownerOnly { form =>
     val userName = params("userName")
-    val currentDate = new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis) // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
     updateAccount(getAccountByUserName(userName).get.copy(
       mailAddress    = form.mailAddress,
-      url            = form.url,
-      updatedDate    = currentDate))
+      url            = form.url))
 
     redirect("/%s".format(userName))
   })
diff --git a/src/main/scala/app/ControllerBase.scala b/src/main/scala/app/ControllerBase.scala
index cc91980..043cb34 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/app/ControllerBase.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/app/ControllerBase.scala
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@
   /**
    * ValueType for the Date property.
    */
-  def date(constraints: Constraint*): SingleValueType[java.sql.Date] =
-      new SingleValueType[java.sql.Date]((pattern("\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}") +: constraints): _*){
-    def convert(value: String): java.sql.Date = {
+  def date(constraints: Constraint*): SingleValueType[java.util.Date] =
+      new SingleValueType[java.util.Date]((pattern("\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}") +: constraints): _*){
+    def convert(value: String): java.util.Date = {
       val formatter = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")
-      new java.sql.Date(formatter.parse(value).getTime)
+      formatter.parse(value)
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/main/scala/app/IssuesController.scala b/src/main/scala/app/IssuesController.scala
index d543f98..b129c68 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/app/IssuesController.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/app/IssuesController.scala
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 import service._
 import util.{WritableRepositoryAuthenticator, ReadableRepositoryAuthenticator, UsersOnlyAuthenticator}
-import java.sql.Timestamp
 
 class IssuesController extends IssuesControllerBase
   with IssuesService with RepositoryService with AccountService
@@ -16,7 +15,7 @@
 
   case class IssueForm(title: String, content: Option[String])
 
-  case class MilestoneForm(title: String, description: Option[String], dueDate: Option[java.sql.Date])
+  case class MilestoneForm(title: String, description: Option[String], dueDate: Option[java.util.Date])
 
   val form = mapping(
       "title"   -> trim(label("Title", text(required))),
@@ -128,8 +127,8 @@
     getMilestone(owner, repository, milestoneId) match {
       case None    => NotFound()
       case Some(m) => {
-        // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
-        val currentDate = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis)
+        // TODO I want to ban to use the currentDate in Controller.
+        val currentDate = new java.util.Date()
         updateMilestone(m.copy(closedDate = Some(currentDate)))
         redirect("/%s/%s/issues/milestones".format(owner, repository))
       }
diff --git a/src/main/scala/app/UsersController.scala b/src/main/scala/app/UsersController.scala
index ddcbc42..7a40748 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/app/UsersController.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/app/UsersController.scala
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
   })
   
   post("/admin/users/_new", newForm)(adminOnly { form =>
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
-    val currentDate = new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis)
+    // TODO I want to ban to use the currentDate in Controller.
+    val currentDate = new java.util.Date()
     createAccount(Account(
         userName       = form.userName, 
         password       = form.password, 
@@ -58,14 +58,11 @@
   
   post("/admin/users/:name/_edit", editForm)(adminOnly { form =>
     val userName = params("userName")
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
-    val currentDate = new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis)
     updateAccount(getAccountByUserName(userName).get.copy(
         password     = form.password,
         mailAddress  = form.mailAddress,
         isAdmin      = form.isAdmin,
-        url          = form.url,
-        updatedDate  = currentDate))
+        url          = form.url))
     
     redirect("/admin/users")
   })
diff --git a/src/main/scala/model/Account.scala b/src/main/scala/model/Account.scala
index b92e89c..30fabe8 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/model/Account.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/model/Account.scala
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 
 import scala.slick.driver.H2Driver.simple._
 
-object Accounts extends Table[Account]("ACCOUNT") {
+object Accounts extends Table[Account]("ACCOUNT") with Functions {
   def userName = column[String]("USER_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def mailAddress = column[String]("MAIL_ADDRESS")
   def password = column[String]("PASSWORD")
   def isAdmin = column[Boolean]("ADMINISTRATOR")
   def url = column[String]("URL")
-  def registeredDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("REGISTERED_DATE")	// TODO convert java.util.Date later
-  def updatedDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("UPDATED_DATE")
-  def lastLoginDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("LAST_LOGIN_DATE")
+  def registeredDate = column[java.util.Date]("REGISTERED_DATE")
+  def updatedDate = column[java.util.Date]("UPDATED_DATE")
+  def lastLoginDate = column[java.util.Date]("LAST_LOGIN_DATE")
   def * = userName ~ mailAddress ~ password ~ isAdmin ~ url.? ~ registeredDate ~ updatedDate ~ lastLoginDate.? <> (Account, Account.unapply _)
 }
 
@@ -20,16 +20,7 @@
     password: String,
     isAdmin: Boolean,
     url: Option[String],
-    registeredDate: java.sql.Timestamp,
-    updatedDate: java.sql.Timestamp,
-    lastLoginDate: Option[java.sql.Timestamp]
+    registeredDate: java.util.Date,
+    updatedDate: java.util.Date,
+    lastLoginDate: Option[java.util.Date]
 )
-
-class AccountDao {
-  import Database.threadLocalSession
-
-  def insert(o: Account): Long = Accounts insert o
-
-  def select(key: String): Option[Account] = Query(Accounts) filter(_.userName is key.bind) firstOption
-
-}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/model/Functions.scala b/src/main/scala/model/Functions.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd47b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/model/Functions.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package model
+
+import scala.slick.lifted.MappedTypeMapper
+
+protected[model] trait Functions {
+  // java.util.Date TypeMapper
+  implicit val dateTypeMapper = MappedTypeMapper.base[java.util.Date, java.sql.Timestamp](
+      d => new java.sql.Timestamp(d.getTime),
+      t => new java.util.Date(t.getTime)
+  )
+
+  /**
+   * Returns system date.
+   */
+  def currentDate = new java.util.Date()
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/scala/model/Issue.scala b/src/main/scala/model/Issue.scala
index 0bc176d..7c48cbe 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/model/Issue.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/model/Issue.scala
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
   def * = userName ~ repositoryName ~ issueId
 }
 
-object Issues extends Table[Issue]("ISSUE") {
+object Issues extends Table[Issue]("ISSUE") with Functions {
   def userName = column[String]("USER_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def repositoryName = column[String]("REPOSITORY_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def issueId = column[Int]("ISSUE_ID", O PrimaryKey)
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
   def title = column[String]("TITLE")
   def content = column[String]("CONTENT")
   def closed = column[Boolean]("CLOSED")
-  def registeredDate = column[java.sql.Date]("REGISTERED_DATE")	// TODO convert java.util.Date later
-  def updatedDate = column[java.sql.Date]("UPDATED_DATE")
+  def registeredDate = column[java.util.Date]("REGISTERED_DATE")
+  def updatedDate = column[java.util.Date]("UPDATED_DATE")
   def * = userName ~ repositoryName ~ issueId ~ openedUserName ~ milestoneId.? ~ assignedUserName.? ~ title ~ content.? ~ closed ~ registeredDate ~ updatedDate <> (Issue, Issue.unapply _)
 }
 
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
     title: String,
     content: Option[String],
     closed: Boolean,
-    registeredDate: java.sql.Date,
-    updatedDate: java.sql.Date)
\ No newline at end of file
+    registeredDate: java.util.Date,
+    updatedDate: java.util.Date)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/scala/model/Milestone.scala b/src/main/scala/model/Milestone.scala
index 683cdf9..ed492a8 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/model/Milestone.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/model/Milestone.scala
@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 import scala.slick.driver.H2Driver.simple._
 
-object Milestones extends Table[Milestone]("MILESTONE") {
+object Milestones extends Table[Milestone]("MILESTONE") with Functions {
   def userName = column[String]("USER_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def repositoryName = column[String]("REPOSITORY_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
-  def milestoneId = column[Int]("MILESTONE_ID", O PrimaryKey)
+  def milestoneId = column[Int]("MILESTONE_ID", O PrimaryKey, O AutoInc)
   def title = column[String]("TITLE")
   def description = column[String]("DESCRIPTION")
-  def dueDate = column[java.sql.Date]("DUE_DATE") // TODO convert java.util.Date later
-  def closedDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("CLOSED_DATE")
-
-  def ins = userName ~ repositoryName ~ title ~ description.? ~ dueDate.? ~ closedDate.?
+  def dueDate = column[java.util.Date]("DUE_DATE")
+  def closedDate = column[java.util.Date]("CLOSED_DATE")
   def * = userName ~ repositoryName ~ milestoneId ~ title ~ description.? ~ dueDate.? ~ closedDate.? <> (Milestone, Milestone.unapply _)
+
+  def autoInc = userName ~ repositoryName ~ title ~ description.? ~ dueDate.? ~ closedDate.? returning milestoneId
 }
 
 case class Milestone(
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@
   milestoneId: Int,
   title: String,
   description: Option[String],
-  dueDate: Option[java.sql.Date],
-  closedDate: Option[java.sql.Timestamp])
+  dueDate: Option[java.util.Date],
+  closedDate: Option[java.util.Date])
diff --git a/src/main/scala/model/Repository.scala b/src/main/scala/model/Repository.scala
index d33cf78..8c92ed4 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/model/Repository.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/model/Repository.scala
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 
 import scala.slick.driver.H2Driver.simple._
 
-object Repositories extends Table[Repository]("REPOSITORY") {
+object Repositories extends Table[Repository]("REPOSITORY") with Functions {
   def repositoryName= column[String]("REPOSITORY_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def userName = column[String]("USER_NAME", O PrimaryKey)
   def isPrivate = column[Boolean]("PRIVATE")
   def description = column[String]("DESCRIPTION")
   def defaultBranch = column[String]("DEFAULT_BRANCH")
-  def registeredDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("REGISTERED_DATE")	// TODO convert java.util.Date later
-  def updatedDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("UPDATED_DATE")
-  def lastActivityDate = column[java.sql.Timestamp]("LAST_ACTIVITY_DATE")
+  def registeredDate = column[java.util.Date]("REGISTERED_DATE")
+  def updatedDate = column[java.util.Date]("UPDATED_DATE")
+  def lastActivityDate = column[java.util.Date]("LAST_ACTIVITY_DATE")
   def * = repositoryName ~ userName ~ isPrivate ~ description.? ~ defaultBranch ~ registeredDate ~ updatedDate ~ lastActivityDate <> (Repository, Repository.unapply _)
 }
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
   isPrivate: Boolean,
   description: Option[String],
   defaultBranch: String,
-  registeredDate: java.sql.Timestamp,
-  updatedDate: java.sql.Timestamp,
-  lastActivityDate: java.sql.Timestamp
+  registeredDate: java.util.Date,
+  updatedDate: java.util.Date,
+  lastActivityDate: java.util.Date
 )
diff --git a/src/main/scala/service/AccountService.scala b/src/main/scala/service/AccountService.scala
index e56fed4..f73e54d 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/service/AccountService.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/service/AccountService.scala
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package service
 
 import model._
+import Accounts._
 import scala.slick.driver.H2Driver.simple._
 import Database.threadLocalSession
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
     
   def getAllUsers(): List[Account] = Query(Accounts) sortBy(_.userName) list
     
-  def createAccount(account: Account): Unit = Accounts.* insert account
+  def createAccount(account: Account): Unit = Accounts insert account
 
   def updateAccount(account: Account): Unit = 
     Query(Accounts)
@@ -21,14 +22,13 @@
         account.password, 
         account.mailAddress, 
         account.isAdmin,
-        account.url, 
+        account.url,
         account.registeredDate,
-        account.updatedDate,
+        currentDate,
         account.lastLoginDate)
   
   def updateLastLoginDate(userName: String): Unit =
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
     Query(Accounts).filter(_.userName is userName.bind).map(_.lastLoginDate)
-      .update(new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis))
+      .update(currentDate)
   
 }
diff --git a/src/main/scala/service/IssuesService.scala b/src/main/scala/service/IssuesService.scala
index 9946ca3..7c239c5 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/service/IssuesService.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/service/IssuesService.scala
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 import Q.interpolation
 
 import model._
+import Issues._
 
 trait IssuesService {
   def getIssue(owner: String, repository: String, issueId: String) =
@@ -41,8 +42,8 @@
           title,
           content,
           false,
-          new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis),	// TODO
-          new java.sql.Date(System.currentTimeMillis))
+          currentDate,
+          currentDate)
 
       // increment issue id
       IssueId.filter { t =>
@@ -51,9 +52,8 @@
     } get
 
   def createMilestone(owner: String, repository: String,
-      title: String, description: Option[String], dueDate: Option[java.sql.Date]): Unit = {
-    Milestones.ins insert (owner, repository, title, description, dueDate, None)
-  }
+      title: String, description: Option[String], dueDate: Option[java.util.Date]) =
+    Milestones.autoInc insert (owner, repository, title, description, dueDate, None)
 
   def updateMilestone(milestone: Milestone): Unit =
     Query(Milestones)
diff --git a/src/main/scala/service/RepositoryService.scala b/src/main/scala/service/RepositoryService.scala
index 35fb366..57520ba 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/service/RepositoryService.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/service/RepositoryService.scala
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 package service
 
 import model._
+import Repositories._
 import scala.slick.driver.H2Driver.simple._
 import Database.threadLocalSession
 import util.JGitUtil
-import scala.Some
-import model.Repository
-import model.Account
-import model.Collaborator
 
 trait RepositoryService { self: AccountService =>
   import RepositoryService._
@@ -27,9 +24,6 @@
     
     // TODO insert default labels.
 
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
-    val currentDate = new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis)
-
     Repositories insert
       Repository(
         repositoryName   = repositoryName,
@@ -160,22 +154,20 @@
    * Updates the last activity date of the repository.
    */
   def updateLastActivityDate(userName: String, repositoryName: String): Unit =
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
     Query(Repositories)
       .filter { r => (r.userName is userName.bind) && (r.repositoryName is repositoryName.bind) }
       .map    { _.lastActivityDate }
-      .update (new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis))
+      .update (currentDate)
   
   /**
    * Save repository options.
    */
   def saveRepositoryOptions(userName: String, repositoryName: String, 
       description: Option[String], defaultBranch: String, isPrivate: Boolean): Unit =
-    // TODO make a common function to get the current timestamp.
     Query(Repositories)
       .filter { r => (r.userName is userName.bind) && (r.repositoryName is repositoryName.bind) }
       .map    { r => r.description.? ~ r.defaultBranch ~ r.isPrivate ~ r.updatedDate }
-      .update (description, defaultBranch, isPrivate, new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis))
+      .update (description, defaultBranch, isPrivate, currentDate)
 
   /**
    * Add collaborator to the repository.